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Cesium Chloride (CsCl).jpg

Cesium Chloride (CsCl) - High Purity Alkali Metal Halide from China Suppliers and Factory

Cesium Chloride (CsCl) Product Overview
Cesium chloride, known by its chemical formula CsCl, is a highly sought-after alkali metal halide primarily produced in China. With a molecular weight of 168.36 g/mol, this product exhibits distinct properties such as a melting point of 645°C and a boiling point of 1297°C. The colorless cubic crystals boast a density of 3.988 g/cm³ at 25°C and demonstrate exceptional solubility in water, reaching up to 1910 g/L at 20°C and approximately 2500 g/L at 100°C. Such solubility levels make it a vital component in cesium purification processes. CsCl's unique crystal structure, classified under the simple cubic (Pm-3m space group) at room temperature, features each Cs⁺ ion coordinated by 8 Cl⁻ ions. This special arrangement, unlike the NaCl-type structure, makes cesium chloride an ideal material for research on ionic crystal models. As a reliable factory and supplier of CsCl, we are committed to providing high-quality products to meet your needs.

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    Product Details

    Preparation method

    Industrial preparation is mainly through the following ways:
    1

    Reaction of metallic cesium with hydrochloric acid

    2

    Neutralization method with cesium carbonate or cesium hydroxide

    3

    Mineral extraction: High-purity CsCl is obtained from pollucite by acid leaching, ion exchange and other steps.

    Chemical and physical properties

    High-density solution

    The density of saturated CsCl solution can reach 1.9 g/cm³, which is often used for density gradient centrifugation separation of biological samples (such as DNA purification).

    Ionic conductivity

    Molten CsCl is an excellent ion conductor and is used for high-temperature electrolyte research.

    Optical properties

    CsCl crystals have a wide light transmission range (0.2~55 μm) and can be used for infrared spectrometer prisms.

    Radioactive applications

    Gamma-ray sources of Cs-137** (half-life 30.17 years) are widely used in medical and industrial irradiation.

    Main applications

    1. Molecular biology

    Density gradient centrifugation is used to separate nucleic acids and virus particles. Also acts as a buffer component for PCR reactions.

    2. Nuclear medicine

    Cs-131 (half-life 9.7 days) is used for brachytherapy of prostate cancer.

    3. Materials science

    Preparation of cesium vapor for photoelectric tubes and ion thrusters. Synthesis of functional materials with CsCl-type structures (such as perovskite solar cell precursors).

    Basic research

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    Used to prepare optical lattices in ultracold atom experiments.

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    Study the phase transition behavior of ionic crystals (transformed to NaCl-type structure at high temperature).

    Safety and storage

    CsCl is moderately toxic (LD₅₀ rat oral administration is about 2300 mg/kg), but radioactive isotopes need to be strictly protected. Storage needs to be moisture-proof and sealed to avoid contact with strong oxidants. Radioactive materials such as Cs-137 need to be managed in accordance with nuclear safety regulations.

    Conclusion

    Due to its unique crystal structure, excellent solubility and diverse isotopic characteristics, cesium chloride occupies an important position in the fields of life sciences, nuclear technology and functional materials. Its applications extend from basic research to high-tech, reflecting the multifunctional value of alkali metal halides.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Q1: How is Cesium Chloride (CsCl) industrially prepared?
    Industrial preparation of CsCl is mainly achieved through the reaction of metallic cesium with hydrochloric acid, neutralization using cesium carbonate or cesium hydroxide, or mineral extraction from pollucite via acid leaching and ion exchange.
    Q2: Why is Cesium Chloride used in density gradient centrifugation?
    CsCl is used because a saturated solution of CsCl can reach a very high density of 1.9 g/cm³, making it ideal for the density gradient centrifugation separation of biological samples like DNA.
    Q3: What are the primary applications of CsCl in molecular biology?
    In molecular biology, CsCl is mainly used for separating nucleic acids and virus particles through density gradient centrifugation, and it also acts as a buffer component for PCR reactions.
    Q4: How is Cesium Chloride utilized in nuclear medicine?
    In nuclear medicine, the isotope Cs-131 (with a half-life of 9.7 days) is used for the brachytherapy of prostate cancer, while Cs-137 is utilized as a gamma-ray source for medical and industrial irradiation.
    Q5: What are the safety and storage requirements for CsCl?
    CsCl is moderately toxic (LD₅₀ rat oral is about 2300 mg/kg) and must be stored in a sealed, moisture-proof container away from strong oxidants. Radioactive isotopes like Cs-137 must be strictly managed according to nuclear safety regulations.

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